Page numbers in e-books
If the e-book does not have page numbers, you can indicate the place by referring to
– paragraph number, if given
– chapter heading and the chapter’s paragraph number
– If the chapter heading is long, put the first words of the chapter heading in quotation marks
Example 1, e-book with page numbers:
(Vareide, 2018, p. 166)
Example 2, e-book with chapter and paragraph:
(Goodfellow et al., 2016, chap. 1, para. 3)
Note: The page numbers are often not displayed in e-books, as they are in the printed book. On handheld devices, page numbers will appear differently depending on whether you hold the device horizontally or vertically. APA recommends that you refer to chapters and paragraphs instead, as this will make it easier for readers of other formats.
For chapter in edited e-book: Any information about the edition should be included in the same parentheses as the page range, separated by a comma:
(edition, volume, pp. page range of the article/chapter)
If the e-book chapter doesn’t have pagination, simply skip the page range from the reference.